Mental Reasoning in Radhi al-Din al-Astarabadi (686 AH): A Study in the Light of the Logic of Dialectic

Abstract

The importance of reasoning lies in its nature as a mental subject that regulates thought, and it
comes in two types: linguistic reasoning, which relies on induction and hearsay, and mental
reasoning, which depends on mental processes leading to specific conclusions, such as analogy,
causality, origin, and others. While linguistic reasoning is closer to the natural instinct of the Arabs
and the linguistic material they heard, mental reasoning tests the level and intellectual capacity of
linguists. The optimal stage is when reasoning and argumentation coincide, indicating the strength
of thought and the robustness of linguistic intuition.